[74][75], Their works, together with those of many other generations of artists, are gathered in the several museums of the town: the Uffizi Gallery, the Palatina gallery with the paintings of the "Golden Ages",[76] the Bargello with the sculptures of the Renaissance, the museum of San Marco with Fra Angelico's works, the Academy, the chapels of the Medicis[77] Buonarroti's house with the sculptures of Michelangelo, the following museums: Bardini, Horne, Stibbert, Romano, Corsini, The Gallery of Modern Art, the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, the museum of Silverware and the museum of Precious Stones. Florence contains several palaces and buildings from various eras. The users scan the QR code on the bike using the Mobike app, and end the ride by parking curbside. Commissioned by the Medici, Machiavelli also wrote the Florentine Histories, the history of the city. AP World History Chapter 15. World History Quiz: Renaissance. Match. The Vasari Corridor is another gallery, built connecting the Palazzo Vecchio with the Pitti Palace passing by the Uffizi and over the Ponte Vecchio. The exterior of the church was reworked in Romanesque style between 1059 and 1128. [94] Among the desserts, schiacciata alla fiorentina, a white flatbread cake, is one of the most popular; it is a very soft cake, prepared with extremely simple ingredients, typical of Florentine cuisine, and is especially eaten at Carnival. [87] Florentines have a highly recognisable accent in phonetic terms due to the so-called gorgia toscana): "hard c" /k/ between two vowels is pronounced as a fricative [h] similar to an English h, so that dico 'I say' is phonetically [ˈdiːho], i cani 'the dogs' is [iˈhaːni]. [12], Florence plays an important role in Italian fashion,[11] and is ranked in the top 15 fashion capitals of the world by Global Language Monitor;[13] furthermore, it is a major national economic centre,[11] as well as a tourist and industrial hub. Beyond the historic centre of Florence, the city expanded in the 20th century to accommodate waves of migration. The fact that the Medici were bankers to the pope also contributed to their ascendancy. Area 40 square miles (104 square km). Artists associated with Florence range from Arnolfo di Cambio and Cimabue to Giotto, Nanni di Banco, and Paolo Uccello; through Lorenzo Ghiberti, and Donatello and Massaccio and the della Robbia family; through Fra Angelico and Botticelli and Piero della Francesca, and on to Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. Florence was conquered by Charlemagne in 774 and became part of the Duchy of Tuscany, with Lucca as capital. In an effort to reduce air pollution and car traffic in the city, a multi-line tram network called Tramvia is under construction. Other traits include using a form of the subjunctive mood last commonly used in medieval times,[citation needed] a frequent usage in everyday speech of the modern subjunctive, and a shortened pronunciation of the definite article, [i] instead of "il", causing doubling of the consonant that follows, so that il cane 'the dog', for example, is pronounced [ikˈkaːne]. Get ready to prove what you know about the geography (and history) of Europe with this quiz. Information and translations of Florence in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on … March of Tuscany 1002–1115 Huge satellite towns such as Scandicci grew to rival the centre of Florence itself. [14], Florence originated as a Roman city, and later, after a long period as a flourishing trading and banking medieval commune, it was the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance. Florence Nightingale was so respected in the field of nursing that she was tapped to consult with the British Army. STUDY. Gravity. Later on he is joined by Beatrice, who guides him through Heaven. [10] The value tourism to the city totalled some €2.5 billion in 2015 and the number of visitors had increased by 5.5% from the previous year. 10th Grade. Lhistoire globale (regroupant ou recoupant dautres approches historiques comme lhistoire internationale, transnationale ou connectée) est un courant d'étude historique qui se développe dans un premier temps aux États-Unis dans les années 1980 et 1990 avant de se répandre notamment en France, en Allemagne ou aux Pays-Bas durant les années 1990 mais principalement au début des années 20001. Florence Nightingale: Death and Legacy. [10] Despite the strong presence of Renaissance architecture within the city, traces of medieval, Baroque, Neoclassical and modern architecture can be found. C'était un important point de relais pour les pèlerins qui se rendaient à Rome ou en revenaient par la Via Francigena. The two buildings incorporate in their decoration the transition from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance. It was politically, economically, and culturally one of the most important cities in Europe and the world from the 14th to 16th centuries. Concise History of Western Music. Galileo and other scientists pioneered the study of optics, ballistics, astronomy, anatomy, and other scientific disciplines. [91], Composers and musicians who have lived in Florence include Piero Strozzi (1550 – after 1608), Giulio Caccini (1551–1618) and Mike Francis (1961–2009). The city itself is far more dependent on tourism, though it also has developed newer sectors such as information technology. Snow flurries occur almost every year,[30] but often result in no accumulation. Cest pour cette raison que Florence fut lun des premiers sites à avoir été inscrits sur la World Heritage List dUNESCO (1982). It was a map drawn by the Florentine Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli, a student of Brunelleschi, that Christopher Columbus used to sell his "enterprise" to the Spanish monarchs, and which he used on his first voyage. [32], The traditional boroughs of the whole comune of Florence, The 5 administrative boroughs of the whole comune of Florence. Such include the Via Camillo Cavour, one of the main roads of the northern area of the historic centre; the Via Ghibellina, one of central Florence's longest streets; the Via dei Calzaiuoli, one of the most central streets of the historic centre which links Piazza del Duomo to Piazza della Signoria, winding parallel to via Roma and Piazza della Repubblica; the Via de' Tornabuoni, a luxurious street in the city centre that goes from Antinori square to ponte Santa Trinita, across Piazza Santa Trinita, characterised by the presence of fashion boutiques; the Viali di Circonvallazione, 6-lane boulevards surrounding the northern part of the historic centre; as well as others, such as Via Roma, Via degli Speziali, Via de' Cerretani, and the Viale dei Colli. [98] Florence has served as the home of the Italian fashion company Salvatore Ferragamo since 1928. Florence, where the Italian Renaissance began, was an independent republic. Biography of Florence Nightingale. ", "Italian hotspots struggling with 'too many tourists, "Florence seeks a better class of tourist to share its besieged medieval treasures", "Florence mayor aims to keep picnicking tourists at bay with hosepipes", "Florence is hosing down monuments to deter tourists", "The Power of the Past with Bill Moyers: Florence", "Uffizi Gallery Florence • Uffizi Museum • Ticket Reservation", "Palace of Bargello ( Bargello's Palace ), Florence Italy", "Inner court of Pitti Palace (Palazzo Pitti), Florence Italy", "Auxologia: Graziella Magherini: La Sindrome di Stendhal (book)", "Why Was Florence Considered Important For Culture And Arts? F 4 L 1 O 1 R 1 E 1 N 1 C 4 E 1. At the beginning of the 17th century, two practices for writing music were devised, one the first practice or Stile Antico/Prima Prattica the other the Stile Moderno/Seconda Prattica. From April to October, tourists outnumber local population. [89] Boccaccio was better known for his Decameron, a slightly grim story of Florence during the 1350s bubonic plague, known as the Black Death, when some people fled the ravaged city to an isolated country mansion, and spent their time there recounting stories and novellas taken from the medieval and contemporary tradition. Similarly, t between vowels is pronounced [θ] as in English thin, and p in the same position is the bilabial fricative [ɸ]. Florence definition, a city in central Italy, on the Arno River: capital of the former grand duchy of Tuscany. As of 31 October 2010[update], the population of the city proper is 370,702, while Eurostat estimates that 696,767 people live in the urban area of Florence. Most of the information is based on other secondary sources and does not provide much in the way of scholarly research. During World War II the city experienced a year-long German occupation (1943–1944) being part of the Italian Social Republic. Republic of Florence 1115–1532 In addition to the Medici collection, the palace's galleries contain many Renaissance works, including several by Raphael and Titian, large collections of costumes, ceremonial carriages, silver, porcelain and a gallery of modern art dating from the 18th century. [73], Cimabue and Giotto, the fathers of Italian painting, lived in Florence as well as Arnolfo and Andrea Pisano, renewers of architecture and sculpture; Brunelleschi, Donatello and Masaccio, forefathers of the Renaissance, Ghiberti and the Della Robbias, Filippo Lippi and Angelico; Botticelli, Paolo Uccello and the universal genius of Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo.
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