Therefore it should not be surprising that after Abdul Karim Kassem launched his successful revolution in 1958 – killing 23-year-old King Faisal II, expelling the British and declaring Iraq a republic – that a different set of numbers was published. [9] Moreover, the fact that the Turkmen mainly live in urban areas, where they deal with trade and commerce, and their tendency to acquire higher education, the power of religious and tribal factors inherent in Iraq's political culture does not significantly affect the Turkmen. As a rule they did not settle in cities and towns until the advent of the Soviet government. [141][142], Iraqi Turkmen have also emerged as a key political force in the controversy over the future status of northern Iraq and the Kurdistan Region. ), The Cambridge History of Iran (The Cambridge History of Iran, pp. A CLIA-certified lab must meet certain quality standards, including qualifications for individuals who perform the test and other standards that ensure the accuracy and reliability of results. Once you've submitted your DNA sample, you'll be eligible to join the "Kurdish HaploGroups Project" if you're a Kurd. Most ethnic Russians and Armenians are Orthodox Christians. Turkmens (Turkmen: Türkmenler, Түркменлер, توركمنلر‎, [tʏɾkmønˈløɾ];[10][page needed] historically the Turkmen), also known as Turkmen Turks (Turkmen: Türkmen türkleri, توركمن تورکلری‎),[11][12][13] are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, living mainly in Turkmenistan, northern and northeastern regions of Iran and Afghanistan. Sizeable groups of Turkmens are found also in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and the North Caucasus (Stavropol Krai). [126] Thus, the first wave of Arabization saw Arab families move from the centre and south of Iraq into Kirkuk to work in the expanding oil industry. Turkmen can be divided into various social classes including the urban intelligentsia and workers whose role in society is different from that of the rural peasantry. - Of all Central Asian Turks, Turkmen is the most Caucasoid DNA and physically My reason for Turkmen being closer to Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbeks - They are in Central Asia - Many of them look strongly Mongoloid aswell [75][76][77] Yet, the Kirkuk dialect also shows comparable features with Urfa,[78][69] and there are other regions in the Kirkuk Governorate, such as Altun Kupri, Taza Khurmatu, and Bashir, which are said to show unity with the Eastern Anatolian dialect of Urfa. For the Iraqi Turkmen, their identity is deeply inculcated as the rightful inheritors of the region as a legacy of the Ottoman Empire. The formation of the Kurdistan Region in 1991 created high animosity between the Kurds and Iraqi Turkmen, resulting in some Iraqi Turkmen being victims of Kurdification, according to the Liam Anderson. [138] Beginning in 2003, there were riots between Kurds and Turkmen in Kirkuk, a city that Turkmen view as historically theirs. harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFWien2014 (, Turks living within the borders of Greece, Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan, Turkish minorities in the former Ottoman Empire, "Iraq's Turkmens call for independent province", "Endangered community:The Turkoman identity in Iraq", "Iraq's Turkmen mobilise for a post-ISIL future", "The Reality of the Turkmen Population in Iraq", "Türkmeneli Tv-Radyo Genel Yayın Yönetmeni Yalman Hacaroğlu ile Söyleşi", "Iraqi Turkmen: The Human Rights Situation and Crisis in Kerkuk", "The Turkmen of Iraq: Underestimated, Marginalized and exposed to assimilation Terminology", Center for Middle Eastern Strategic Studies, "Kerkük katliamlarını 'Irak'a ayıp olur' diye eskiden sansür ederdik", "Gâvurbağı Katliamı (12 Temmuz 1946) – Türkmen Basın Ajansı", "Altunköprü the ancient name of Türkmen Township", The New Iraq, The Middle East and Turkey: A Turkish View, "Talabani: Autonomy for Turkmen in Kurdistan", "Engin Akyürek'in yeni sinema filmi, "Bir Eylül Meselesi, "Davutoğlu meets Iraq's Turkmen politicians, urges unity", "Letter From Istanbul: Ottomania A his TV show reimagines Turkey's imperial past", "In memoriam: Rifat Chadirji (1926 – 2020)", "Bilkent Mourns the Loss of its founder, Prof. Ihsan Dogramaci", "Kerküklü Türkmen oyuncu Amine Gülşe Arapçayı biraz biliyorum", "Jubilant Iraqis Savor Their Soccer Triumph", "Türkmenler, Irak'ta eğitim düzeyleriyle öne çıkıyor...", Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region, Persecution of Muslims during Ottoman contraction, 1956–1989 Assimilation of Bulgarian Turks, Turkish diplomats assassinated by Armenian militant organisations, Turkish communities and minorities in the former Ottoman Empire, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iraqi_Turkmen&oldid=1011915912, Short description is different from Wikidata, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Turkish-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 3,000,000 (2013 Iraqi Ministry of Planning estimate), 567,000 or 9% of the total Iraqi population (According to the 1957 census, considered to be the last reliable census that permitted the minority to register). [36] He describes Oghuz as a Turkic tribe and says that Oghuz and Karluks were both known as Turkmens. Today the terms are usually restricted to two Turkic groups: the Turkmen people of Turkmenistan and adjacent parts of Central Asia, and the Turkomans of Iraq and Syria. This question is completely backwards: Many Azerbaijanis are partly descendants of Turkmen, as are most Iraqi Turkmen. [42], Furthermore, the terms "Turkmen/Turkman" are also considered to be historically political because in the early 20th century the minority were simply recognized as Turks who spoke the Turkish language, until after the military coup of July 14, 1958, when the ruling military junta introduced the names "Turkman/Turkmen" to distance the Turks of Iraq from those in Anatolia,[24] and then banned the Turkish language in 1972. For example, in the 1957 census, the Iraqi government first claimed that there was 136,800 Turks in Iraq. The Turkmens are said to have migrated into the Caucasus in the 17th century, in particular in the Mangyshlak region. DNA testing will show your connections with other families and ethnic groups. The first wave of migration dates back to the 7th century, followed by migrations during the Seljuk Empire (1037–1194), the fleeing Oghuz during the Mongol destruction of the Khwarazmian dynasty (see Kara Koyunlu and Ag Qoyunlu), and the largest migration, during the Ottoman Empire (1535–1919). [34][35], Towards the end of the 11th century, in Divânü Lügat'it-Türk (Compendium of the Turkic Dialects), Mahmud Kashgari uses “Türkmen” synonymously with “Oğuz”. Retrieved 2010-10-08. Originally, all Turkic tribes who belonged to the Turkic dynastic mythological system and/or converted to Islam (e.g. Usually they narrated the woeful and gloomy events of the Turkmen history through their music. The results 4 ethnicities: 1. Kurds are an Indo-European people of the Iranian branch. • Kurdish & Turkmen migrations to the Levant came mostly in the 2nd millennium CE. This included one candidate from the ITF (its leader Saadeddin Arkej), two or four from the United Iraqi Alliance, one from the Iraqi Accord Front and one from the Kurdistani Alliance. Furthermore, under the Ba'th party, discrimination against the Iraqi Turkmen increased, with several leaders being executed in 1979[39] as well as the Iraqi Turkmen community being victims of Arabization policies by the state, and Kurdification by Kurds seeking to push them forcibly out of their homeland. [35] Once the new governor was appointed, the town was to be composed of 1,000 foot soldiers and another 1,000 cavalry. Turkmeneli includes within its boundaries Kirkuk, Tal Afar, Erbil, Mandali, Mosul and Tuz Khurmatu. [137] In March 2000, the Human Rights Watch reported that the KDP's security attacked the offices of the ITF in Erbil, killing two guards, following a lengthy period of disputes between the two parties.
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